\n\n### Reproduction\n\nHere is the repo where the issue is happening:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions\nFor this PR more precisely:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions/pull/22/files\n\nYou can find the nuxt-config here:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions/blob/main/nuxt.config.ts\n\nI can't put into production the issue since it will break the images rendering.\nBut you can find more information in the **Describe the bug** section.\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nI know that sounds weird because nuxtjs/i18n is not tied to NuxtImg / IPX / Vercel but still, the issue is only happening when I upgrade the nuxtjs/i18n package from 9.5.6 to 10.0.6.\nI've tried many things to resolve this issue but without success.\nI've checked all breaking changes and I don't think those have a direct impact to this issue.\nCould it be related to all new packages added / modified ?\nOr maybe something about I18n intercepting the route ?\n\nI know there already are some issues like this in the NuxtImg repo:\nhttps://github.com/nuxt/image/issues/1281\nBut still, I never experienced it since the migration to V10.\nWhen rollbacking to 9.5.6 the issue disappears so there is a direct link.\n\nFor the record, it is intentional to use IPX as the provider instead of Vercel.\n\nSince the upgrade, I'm getting 404 for images rendered with IPX:\n{error: {message: \"[404] [IPX_FILE_NOT_FOUND] File not found: /paintings/celestial-collision.jpg\"}}\n\n- **Before the upgrade**:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1016\" height=\"715\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ce265489-8260-4e83-9936-9a4a542be950\" />\n\n- **After the upgrade**:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1022\" height=\"352\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1f3f854b-ceee-41b0-935d-9fdaef11c21d\" />\n\u003Cimg width=\"1410\" height=\"196\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c93d82ec-735c-4485-95ac-eb8e816c367a\" />\n\u003Cimg width=\"666\" height=\"57\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f33f4988-4b44-4e0e-9bbe-c2ad7b91a07a\" />\n\n- **For the generated HTML**:\nBefore the upgrade:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1126\" height=\"136\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/41225aa1-a371-43f8-bb9b-14cc5307b515\" />\n\nAfter the upgrade:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1123\" height=\"103\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8f47c7c9-ba34-4fe5-a83f-10712fc2876b\" />\n\n### Additional context\n\nIf you need more information, feel free to ask, I will do my best to provide anything useful.\nI'd happy to help.\nI wanted to point out that issue and try to understand what is really happening under the hood.\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3227],{"name":3175,"color":3176},3796,"Unable to display NuxtImg on Vercel when using the IPX provider since V10 migration","2025-08-23T12:16:49Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3796",0.725204,{"description":3234,"labels":3235,"number":3237,"owner":3178,"repository":3179,"state":3180,"title":3238,"updated_at":3239,"url":3240,"score":3241},"### Environment\n\n------------------------------\n- Operating System: Windows_NT\n- Node Version: v22.12.0\n- Nuxt Version: 4.0.1\n- CLI Version: 3.26.4\n- Nitro Version: 2.12.4\n- Package Manager: npm@11.1.0\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: modules, imports, devtools, app, css, router, site, colorMode, runtimeConfig, generate, dev, compatibilityDate, nitro, debug, eslint, i18n, ogImage, robots, security, vuefire\n- Runtime Modules: @nuxt/ui@3.2.0, @nuxt/eslint@1.7.0, @nuxtjs/seo@3.1.0, @nuxtjs/i18n@10.0.2, nuxt-security@2.3.0, nuxt-vuefire@1.1.0\n- Build Modules: -\n------------------------------\n\n### Reproduction\n\nThe problem starts to appear after updating to nuxt-i18n v10 module\n\nWhat we can do to replicate:\nhttps://stackblitz.com/edit/bobbiegoede-nuxt-i18n-starter-dwb5kaqj?file=nuxt.config.ts\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nAfter updating i19n from version 9.5.6 to 10.0.2 I receive the following error on startup\n\n```\n[16:02:12] ERROR [request error] [unhandled] [GET] http://localhost:3000/__nuxt_error?error=true&url=%2Fdashboard&statusCode=500&statusMessage=Internal+Server+Error&message=(0%2C+__vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps)+is+not+a+function&stack=(0%2C+__vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps)+is+not+a+function%0Aat+ensureAdminApp+(/project/node_modules/vuefire/dist/server/index.mjs:42:17)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt-vuefire/dist/runtime/admin/plugin.server.js:13:62)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:142:40)%0Aat+fn+(/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:220:36)%0Aat+Object.callAsync+(/project/node_modules/unctx/dist/index.mjs:72:47)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:52)%0Aat+Object.runWithContext+(/project/node_modules/@vue/runtime-core/dist/runtime-core.cjs.js:4020:18)%0Aat+callWithNuxt+(/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:24)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:61:41)%0Aat+EffectScope.run+(/project/node_modules/@vue/reactivity/dist/reactivity.cjs.js:97:16)\n\nℹ Error: _ctx.$t is not a function\n\n ⁃ at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/components/Navigation.vue:175:15)\n\n 171 ┃ \u003CUButton\n 172 ┃ variant=\"ghost\"\n 173 ┃ :aria-label=\"item.label\"\n 174 ┃ >\n ❯ 175 ┃ \u003CUIcon :name=\"item.icon\" />\n 176 ┃ {{ item.label }}\n 177 ┃ \u003C/UButton>\n\n ⁃ at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9) \n ⁃ at renderComponentVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:686:12) \n ⁃ at ssrRenderComponent (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:100:10) \n ⁃ at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/layouts/default.vue:28:41) \n ⁃ at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9) \n ⁃ at renderVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:801:14) \n ⁃ at callWithNuxt (/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:24)\n\n[CAUSE]\nTypeError {\n message: '_ctx.$t is not a function',\n stack: '_ctx.$t is not a function\\n' +\n 'at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/components/Navigation.vue:175:15)\\n' +\n 'at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9)\\n' +\n 'at renderComponentVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:686:12)\\n' +\n 'at ssrRenderComponent (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:100:10)\\n' +\n 'at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/layouts/default.vue:28:41)\\n' +\n '...'\n}\n```\n\n\nHence I can't start the whole application.\n\nI tried to reproduce it in the stackblitz, but all works fine there. Maybe it has something to do with my envirnoment as I deleted all .nuxt files and also removed all node modules/reinstalled them\n\n\n### Additional context\n\n\nAlso I have a previous error which then causes the application to crash:\n```\n WARN [Vue warn]: Property \"$t\" was accessed during render but is not defined on instance. 14:28:44 \n at \u003CHeaderBar>\n at \u003CDefault ref=Ref\u003C undefined > >\n at \u003CAsyncComponentWrapper ref=Ref\u003C undefined > >\n at \u003CLayoutLoader key=\"default\" layoutProps={\n ref: RefImpl {\n dep: Dep {\n computed: undefined,\n version: 0,\n activeLink: undefined,\n subs: undefined,\n map: undefined,\n key: undefined,\n sc: 0,\n __v_skip: true,\n subsHead: undefined\n },\n __v_isRef: true,\n __v_isShallow: true,\n _rawValue: undefined,\n _value: undefined\n }\n } name=\"default\" >\n at \u003CNuxtLayoutProvider layoutProps={\n ref: RefImpl {\n dep: Dep {\n computed: undefined,\n version: 0,\n activeLink: undefined,\n subs: undefined,\n map: undefined,\n key: undefined,\n sc: 0,\n __v_skip: true,\n subsHead: undefined\n },\n __v_isRef: true,\n __v_isShallow: true,\n _rawValue: undefined,\n _value: undefined\n }\n } key=\"default\" name=\"default\" ... >\n at \u003CNuxtLayout>\n at \u003CError error=(0 , __vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps) is not a function\n\n at ensureAdminApp (/app/node_modules/vuefire/dist/server/index.mjs:36:41)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt-vuefire/dist/runtime/admin/plugin.server.js:12:68\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:156:60\n at fn (/app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:233:44)\n at Object.callAsync (/app/node_modules/unctx/dist/index.mjs:68:55)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:236:56\n at Object.runWithContext (/app/node_modules/@vue/runtime-core/dist/runtime-core.cjs.js:4002:18)\n at callWithNuxt (/app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:236:24)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:55:41\n at EffectScope.run (/app/node_modules/@vue/reactivity/dist/reactivity.cjs.js:85:16) >\n at \u003CNuxtRoot>\n\n[nuxt-app] vue:error: 9.872ms 14:28:44 \n[nuxt-app] app:error: 0.022ms 14:28:44 \n[nitro-runtime] error: 0.571ms\n```\n\nWhen I remove nuxt-vuefire. It works again, no error on startup.\n\nWhen I downgrade to 9.5.6 for the i18n module, it works too even with nuxt-vuefire and even with it throwing an error directly\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3236],{"name":3175,"color":3176},3755,"_ctx.$t is not a function","2025-07-23T13:58:47Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3755",0.72589976,{"description":3243,"labels":3244,"number":3245,"owner":3178,"repository":3179,"state":3180,"title":3246,"updated_at":3247,"url":3248,"score":3249},"I'm looking at replacing the vuetify locale as described [here](https://vuetifyjs.com/en/features/internationalization/#vue-i18n). As a result, I need to import the vuetify locale objects and add them to the messages from my app.\n\nI'm wondering if something like this is possible:\n```ts\n// i18n\\locales\\en.ts\nimport { en } from 'vuetify/locale'\n\nexport default {\n $vuetify: en,\n\n // my app messages\n errors: { },\n}\n```\n\nI have tried ^, and can't seem to get it working as the raw content is not resolved.\n\nIt looks like I have 2 solutions, but wanted to know if there was a better route:\n1. add messages to vue i18n config:\n```ts\n// i18n.config.ts\nimport { en } from 'vuetify/locale'\n\nexport default defineI18nConfig(() =>\n{\n console.log('here')\n return {\n messages: {\n en: {\n $vuetify: {\n ...en,\n },\n },\n },\n }\n})\n```\n\n2. make use of async `defineI18nLocale`\n```ts\n// i18n\\locales\\en.ts\nimport { en } from 'vuetify/locale'\n\nexport default defineI18nLocale(async (locale) =>\n return {\n $vuetify: en,\n \n // my app messages\n errors: { },\n }\n})\n```",[],3688,"Importing file inside a language file","2025-06-11T18:36:20Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3688",0.7317545,{"description":3251,"labels":3252,"number":3257,"owner":3178,"repository":3179,"state":3258,"title":3259,"updated_at":3260,"url":3261,"score":3262},"### Environment\n\n- Operating System: Darwin\n- Node Version: v24.5.0\n- Nuxt Version: 4.0.3\n- CLI Version: 3.28.0\n- Nitro Version: 2.12.4\n- Package Manager: bun@1.2.20\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: modules, devtools, app, hooks, components, compatibilityDate, i18n, vite\n- Runtime Modules: @nuxt/eslint@1.8.0, @nuxt/test-utils/module@3.19.2\n- Build Modules: -\n\n(I am using a nuxt layer which configures the i18n module so I suspect that's the reason the module does not show up above)\n\n### Reproduction\n\nUnfortunately did not manage to create a reliable reproduction 😕\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nHello 👋,\n\nsince updating to the new version v10.0.4 I am having a problem with the i18n module. It seems the global `$t` instance is not available as I get the following error message: `ReferenceError: $t is not defined`.\n\nUnfortunately I wasn't able to create a minimal reproduction in stackblitz, so it must be something specific to my project that is causing this. Do you maybe have an idea what might be the issue or what I could check, based on the changes you did in v10.0.4?\n\nI am using the `$t` instance directly in my script setup block in a component and in there the error is thrown:\n```vue\n\u003Cscript setup lang=\"ts\">\n const test = computed(()=> $t('test'))\n\u003C/script>\n\n\u003Ctemplate>\n \u003Cspan>{{ test }}\u003C/span>\n\u003C/template>\n```\n\nIs this an anti-pattern and the `useI18n` composable should be used instead? I was using the global `$t` instance directly since it saved a line of code and worked up to v10.0.3.\n\nI can't share the full project as it is work-related but here are some additional informations about my setup:\n- Nuxt layers: the i18n module is set-up in a \"core\" layer and all other layers and the main app extend from it\n- Multiple translation files: one i18n folder per layer with layer-specific translations\n- I am not using any `i18n.config.ts` files\n\nSorry for the non-existant repro and minimal info but maybe you have an idea what I could try. Thanks. 🙏\n\n### Additional context\n\n### package.json\n```\n{\n \"name\": \"a-project\",\n \"private\": true,\n \"type\": \"module\",\n \"engines\": {\n \"node\": \"22.x\"\n },\n \"scripts\": {\n \"build\": \"nuxt build\",\n \"dev\": \"nuxt dev\",\n \"dev:host\": \"nuxt dev --host\",\n \"start\": \"node .output/server/index.mjs\",\n \"generate\": \"nuxt generate\",\n \"preview\": \"nuxt preview\",\n \"postinstall\": \"nuxt prepare\",\n \"test\": \"vitest run\",\n \"test:coverage\": \"vitest run --coverage\",\n \"lint\": \"eslint .\",\n \"lint:fix\": \"eslint . --fix\",\n \"prettier\": \"prettier --write .\",\n \"typecheck\": \"nuxt typecheck\"\n },\n \"dependencies\": {\n \"@iconify-json/lucide\": \"^1.2.62\",\n \"@nuxt/image\": \"^1.11.0\",\n \"@nuxt/ui\": \"^3.3.0\",\n \"@nuxtjs/i18n\": \"10.0.4\",\n \"@samk-dev/nuxt-vcalendar\": \"^1.0.4\",\n \"@tanstack/vue-query\": \"^5.83.1\",\n \"@vueuse/core\": \"^13.6.0\",\n \"dayjs\": \"^1.11.13\",\n \"dayjs-nuxt\": \"^2.1.11\",\n \"nuxt\": \"^4.0.3\",\n \"nuxt-auth-sanctum\": \"^1.1.2\",\n \"nuxt-charts\": \"^0.2.3\",\n \"nuxt-viewport\": \"^2.3.1\",\n \"v-calendar\": \"^3.1.2\",\n \"vue\": \"^3.5.18\",\n \"vue-router\": \"^4.5.1\",\n \"zod\": \"^4.0.17\"\n },\n \"devDependencies\": {\n \"@nuxt/eslint\": \"^1.8.0\",\n \"@nuxt/test-utils\": \"^3.19.2\",\n \"@tanstack/eslint-plugin-query\": \"^5.83.1\",\n \"@types/node\": \"^24.2.1\",\n \"@vue/test-utils\": \"^2.4.6\",\n \"eslint\": \"^9.33.0\",\n \"eslint-config-prettier\": \"^10.1.8\",\n \"happy-dom\": \"^18.0.1\",\n \"prettier\": \"^3.6.2\",\n \"prettier-plugin-organize-imports\": \"^4.2.0\",\n \"prettier-plugin-tailwindcss\": \"^0.6.14\",\n \"typescript\": \"^5.9.2\",\n \"vitest\": \"^3.2.4\",\n \"vue-tsc\": \"^3.0.5\"\n },\n \"patchedDependencies\": {\n \"@samk-dev/nuxt-vcalendar@1.0.4\": \"patches/@samk-dev%2Fnuxt-vcalendar@1.0.4.patch\"\n }\n}\n```\n\n### nuxt.config.ts\n```ts\nexport default defineNuxtConfig({\n // ...,\n i18n: {\n locales: [\n { code: 'de', file: 'de.app.json' },\n { code: 'en', file: 'en.app.json' },\n ],\n defaultLocale: 'de',\n strategy: 'no_prefix',\n experimental: {\n typedOptionsAndMessages: 'default',\n },\n },\n})\n```\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3253,3254],{"name":3199,"color":3200},{"name":3255,"color":3256},"possible regression","B78041",3775,"closed","\"$t is not defined\" after updating to v10.0.4","2025-08-12T14:18:23Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3775",0.68994224,{"description":3264,"labels":3265,"number":3267,"owner":3178,"repository":3179,"state":3258,"title":3268,"updated_at":3269,"url":3270,"score":3271},"### Environment\n\n------------------------------\n- Operating System: Darwin\n- Node Version: v22.17.1\n- Nuxt Version: 4.0.3\n- CLI Version: 3.28.0\n- Nitro Version: 2.12.4\n- Package Manager: bun@1.2.20\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: -\n- Runtime Modules: -\n- Build Modules: -\n------------------------------\n\n### Reproduction\n\n-\n\n### Describe the bug\n\ndefineI18nRoute(false); macro no longer works since version 10.0.4.\n\n### Additional context\n\nI downgraded from 10.0.5 to 10.0.3 and it worked fine. After troubleshooting, I found that v10.0.4 started to fail.\n\n```ts\ni18n: {\n vueI18n: 'config.ts',\n locales: [\n { code: 'en', name: 'English', language: 'en-US', file: 'en.ts' },\n { code: 'zh', name: '简体中文', language: 'zh-Hans-CN', file: 'zh.ts' },\n { code: 'ja', name: '日本語', language: 'ja-JP', file: 'ja.ts' },\n { code: 'ko', name: '한국어', language: 'ko-KR', file: 'ko.ts' },\n ],\n defaultLocale: 'zh',\n strategy: 'prefix',\n detectBrowserLanguage: {\n useCookie: true,\n cookieKey: 'panews-language',\n redirectOn: 'no prefix',\n },\n baseUrl: process.env.NUXT_BASE_URL,\n },\n```\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3266],{"name":3175,"color":3176},3784,"Starting from v10.0.4, any import will cause the `defineI18nRoute` macro to fail!","2025-08-19T10:17:27Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3784",0.71493226,["Reactive",3273],{},["Set"],["ShallowReactive",3276],{"$fTRc1wZytZ_XrK4EfJfei_Sz-An4H4Yy6syhVxH_PVJc":-1,"$fceE5CK0autWa0ft2sqfd-_9vVmg-q0nVIRPTXOsVO_A":-1},"/nuxt-modules/i18n/3786"]