\n\n### Reproduction\n\nHere is the repo where the issue is happening:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions\nFor this PR more precisely:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions/pull/22/files\n\nYou can find the nuxt-config here:\nhttps://github.com/PABERTHIER/atelier-libr-emotions/blob/main/nuxt.config.ts\n\nI can't put into production the issue since it will break the images rendering.\nBut you can find more information in the **Describe the bug** section.\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nI know that sounds weird because nuxtjs/i18n is not tied to NuxtImg / IPX / Vercel but still, the issue is only happening when I upgrade the nuxtjs/i18n package from 9.5.6 to 10.0.6.\nI've tried many things to resolve this issue but without success.\nI've checked all breaking changes and I don't think those have a direct impact to this issue.\nCould it be related to all new packages added / modified ?\nOr maybe something about I18n intercepting the route ?\n\nI know there already are some issues like this in the NuxtImg repo:\nhttps://github.com/nuxt/image/issues/1281\nBut still, I never experienced it since the migration to V10.\nWhen rollbacking to 9.5.6 the issue disappears so there is a direct link.\n\nFor the record, it is intentional to use IPX as the provider instead of Vercel.\n\nSince the upgrade, I'm getting 404 for images rendered with IPX:\n{error: {message: \"[404] [IPX_FILE_NOT_FOUND] File not found: /paintings/celestial-collision.jpg\"}}\n\n- **Before the upgrade**:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1016\" height=\"715\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ce265489-8260-4e83-9936-9a4a542be950\" />\n\n- **After the upgrade**:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1022\" height=\"352\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1f3f854b-ceee-41b0-935d-9fdaef11c21d\" />\n\u003Cimg width=\"1410\" height=\"196\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c93d82ec-735c-4485-95ac-eb8e816c367a\" />\n\u003Cimg width=\"666\" height=\"57\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f33f4988-4b44-4e0e-9bbe-c2ad7b91a07a\" />\n\n- **For the generated HTML**:\nBefore the upgrade:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1126\" height=\"136\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/41225aa1-a371-43f8-bb9b-14cc5307b515\" />\n\nAfter the upgrade:\n\u003Cimg width=\"1123\" height=\"103\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8f47c7c9-ba34-4fe5-a83f-10712fc2876b\" />\n\n### Additional context\n\nIf you need more information, feel free to ask, I will do my best to provide anything useful.\nI'd happy to help.\nI wanted to point out that issue and try to understand what is really happening under the hood.\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3226],{"name":3173,"color":3174},3796,"Unable to display NuxtImg on Vercel when using the IPX provider since V10 migration","2025-08-23T12:16:49Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3796",0.6717832,{"description":3233,"labels":3234,"number":3236,"owner":3179,"repository":3180,"state":3181,"title":3237,"updated_at":3238,"url":3239,"score":3240},"### Environment\n\n\nnuxt.config.ts\n```js\n modules: [\n '@nuxtjs/i18n',\n ...\n ],\n i18n: {\n defaultLocale: 'zh',\n locales: [\n { code: 'en', name: 'English', file: 'en-US.ts' },\n { code: 'zh', name: 'Chinese', file: 'zh-CN.ts' },\n ],\n },\n```\n\nNuxt Version: ^4.1.2\nNode Version: 20.19.0\n\ncerated `i18n/locales/es-US.ts` and `i18n/locales/zh-CN.ts` files\n\nwhen remove the `file` config, can run `pnpm i`\n\n\n\n### Reproduction\n\n[code](https://stackblitz.com/edit/nuxt-starter-twi6dftb)\n\n### Describe the bug\n\n\u003Cimg width=\"400\" height=\"288\" alt=\"Image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8177fbb1-f15a-4502-b994-ef501a858adb\" />\n\n### Additional context\n\n_No response_\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3235],{"name":3173,"color":3174},3820,"ERROR Cannot restart nuxt: ERROR ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'C:\\Users\\xxx\\Desktop\\puppy\\i18n\\locales\\en-US.ts'","2025-09-15T05:58:50Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3820",0.67380345,{"description":3242,"labels":3243,"number":3245,"owner":3179,"repository":3180,"state":3181,"title":3246,"updated_at":3247,"url":3248,"score":3249},"### Environment\n\n------------------------------\n- Operating System: Windows_NT\n- Node Version: v22.12.0\n- Nuxt Version: 4.0.1\n- CLI Version: 3.26.4\n- Nitro Version: 2.12.4\n- Package Manager: npm@11.1.0\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: modules, imports, devtools, app, css, router, site, colorMode, runtimeConfig, generate, dev, compatibilityDate, nitro, debug, eslint, i18n, ogImage, robots, security, vuefire\n- Runtime Modules: @nuxt/ui@3.2.0, @nuxt/eslint@1.7.0, @nuxtjs/seo@3.1.0, @nuxtjs/i18n@10.0.2, nuxt-security@2.3.0, nuxt-vuefire@1.1.0\n- Build Modules: -\n------------------------------\n\n### Reproduction\n\nThe problem starts to appear after updating to nuxt-i18n v10 module\n\nWhat we can do to replicate:\nhttps://stackblitz.com/edit/bobbiegoede-nuxt-i18n-starter-dwb5kaqj?file=nuxt.config.ts\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nAfter updating i19n from version 9.5.6 to 10.0.2 I receive the following error on startup\n\n```\n[16:02:12] ERROR [request error] [unhandled] [GET] http://localhost:3000/__nuxt_error?error=true&url=%2Fdashboard&statusCode=500&statusMessage=Internal+Server+Error&message=(0%2C+__vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps)+is+not+a+function&stack=(0%2C+__vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps)+is+not+a+function%0Aat+ensureAdminApp+(/project/node_modules/vuefire/dist/server/index.mjs:42:17)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt-vuefire/dist/runtime/admin/plugin.server.js:13:62)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:142:40)%0Aat+fn+(/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:220:36)%0Aat+Object.callAsync+(/project/node_modules/unctx/dist/index.mjs:72:47)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:52)%0Aat+Object.runWithContext+(/project/node_modules/@vue/runtime-core/dist/runtime-core.cjs.js:4020:18)%0Aat+callWithNuxt+(/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:24)%0Aat+/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:61:41)%0Aat+EffectScope.run+(/project/node_modules/@vue/reactivity/dist/reactivity.cjs.js:97:16)\n\nℹ Error: _ctx.$t is not a function\n\n ⁃ at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/components/Navigation.vue:175:15)\n\n 171 ┃ \u003CUButton\n 172 ┃ variant=\"ghost\"\n 173 ┃ :aria-label=\"item.label\"\n 174 ┃ >\n ❯ 175 ┃ \u003CUIcon :name=\"item.icon\" />\n 176 ┃ {{ item.label }}\n 177 ┃ \u003C/UButton>\n\n ⁃ at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9) \n ⁃ at renderComponentVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:686:12) \n ⁃ at ssrRenderComponent (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:100:10) \n ⁃ at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/layouts/default.vue:28:41) \n ⁃ at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9) \n ⁃ at renderVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:801:14) \n ⁃ at callWithNuxt (/project/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:225:24)\n\n[CAUSE]\nTypeError {\n message: '_ctx.$t is not a function',\n stack: '_ctx.$t is not a function\\n' +\n 'at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/components/Navigation.vue:175:15)\\n' +\n 'at renderComponentSubTree (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:737:9)\\n' +\n 'at renderComponentVNode (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:686:12)\\n' +\n 'at ssrRenderComponent (/project/node_modules/@vue/server-renderer/dist/server-renderer.cjs.js:100:10)\\n' +\n 'at _sfc_ssrRender (/project/layouts/default.vue:28:41)\\n' +\n '...'\n}\n```\n\n\nHence I can't start the whole application.\n\nI tried to reproduce it in the stackblitz, but all works fine there. Maybe it has something to do with my envirnoment as I deleted all .nuxt files and also removed all node modules/reinstalled them\n\n\n### Additional context\n\n\nAlso I have a previous error which then causes the application to crash:\n```\n WARN [Vue warn]: Property \"$t\" was accessed during render but is not defined on instance. 14:28:44 \n at \u003CHeaderBar>\n at \u003CDefault ref=Ref\u003C undefined > >\n at \u003CAsyncComponentWrapper ref=Ref\u003C undefined > >\n at \u003CLayoutLoader key=\"default\" layoutProps={\n ref: RefImpl {\n dep: Dep {\n computed: undefined,\n version: 0,\n activeLink: undefined,\n subs: undefined,\n map: undefined,\n key: undefined,\n sc: 0,\n __v_skip: true,\n subsHead: undefined\n },\n __v_isRef: true,\n __v_isShallow: true,\n _rawValue: undefined,\n _value: undefined\n }\n } name=\"default\" >\n at \u003CNuxtLayoutProvider layoutProps={\n ref: RefImpl {\n dep: Dep {\n computed: undefined,\n version: 0,\n activeLink: undefined,\n subs: undefined,\n map: undefined,\n key: undefined,\n sc: 0,\n __v_skip: true,\n subsHead: undefined\n },\n __v_isRef: true,\n __v_isShallow: true,\n _rawValue: undefined,\n _value: undefined\n }\n } key=\"default\" name=\"default\" ... >\n at \u003CNuxtLayout>\n at \u003CError error=(0 , __vite_ssr_import_0__.getApps) is not a function\n\n at ensureAdminApp (/app/node_modules/vuefire/dist/server/index.mjs:36:41)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt-vuefire/dist/runtime/admin/plugin.server.js:12:68\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:156:60\n at fn (/app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:233:44)\n at Object.callAsync (/app/node_modules/unctx/dist/index.mjs:68:55)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:236:56\n at Object.runWithContext (/app/node_modules/@vue/runtime-core/dist/runtime-core.cjs.js:4002:18)\n at callWithNuxt (/app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:236:24)\n at /app/node_modules/nuxt/dist/app/nuxt.js:55:41\n at EffectScope.run (/app/node_modules/@vue/reactivity/dist/reactivity.cjs.js:85:16) >\n at \u003CNuxtRoot>\n\n[nuxt-app] vue:error: 9.872ms 14:28:44 \n[nuxt-app] app:error: 0.022ms 14:28:44 \n[nitro-runtime] error: 0.571ms\n```\n\nWhen I remove nuxt-vuefire. It works again, no error on startup.\n\nWhen I downgrade to 9.5.6 for the i18n module, it works too even with nuxt-vuefire and even with it throwing an error directly\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3244],{"name":3173,"color":3174},3755,"_ctx.$t is not a function","2025-07-23T13:58:47Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3755",0.67574674,{"description":3251,"labels":3252,"number":3254,"owner":3179,"repository":3180,"state":3255,"title":3256,"updated_at":3257,"url":3258,"score":3259},"### Environment\n\n- Operating System: Darwin\n- Node Version: v24.1.0\n- Nuxt Version: 4.0.3\n- CLI Version: 3.27.0\n- Nitro Version: 2.12.4\n- Package Manager: npm@10.2.3\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: modules, ssr, imports, devtools, app, css, runtimeConfig, compatibilityDate, vite\n- Runtime Modules: @nuxtjs/device@3.2.4, @vueuse/nuxt@13.8.0, @nuxt/image@1.11.0, @nuxt/eslint@1.9.0, nuxt-schema-org@5.0.6, @nuxt/fonts@0.11.4, @nuxtjs/i18n@10.0.6, @nuxt/icon@2.0.0, @pinia/nuxt@0.11.2, nuxt-headlessui@1.2.1, @vee-validate/nuxt@4.15.1\n- Build Modules: -\n\n### Reproduction\n\nhttps://stackblitz.com/edit/github-yzurzmqf?file=nuxt.config.ts\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nWhen setting the i18n module using the [\"@nuxtjs/i18n\", {...config}] syntax, a warning appears that the **defaultLocale** property is not set, although it is set. A more detailed example is shown in the reproduction.\n\n### Additional context\n\n_No response_\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3253],{"name":3173,"color":3174},3798,"closed","False ‘defaultLocale’ not set warning with [’@nuxtjs/i18n’, {…}] config","2025-09-01T13:42:30Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3798",0.64540607,{"description":3261,"labels":3262,"number":3266,"owner":3179,"repository":3180,"state":3255,"title":3267,"updated_at":3268,"url":3269,"score":3270},"### Environment\n\n```\n- Operating System: Darwin\n- Node Version: v22.14.0\n- Nuxt Version: 3.16.2\n- CLI Version: 3.25.0\n- Nitro Version: 2.11.9\n- Package Manager: npm@10.9.2\n- Builder: -\n- User Config: ssr, compatibilityDate, devtools, modules, i18n\n- Runtime Modules: @nuxt/content@3.4.0, @nuxtjs/i18n@9.5.3\n- Build Modules: -\n```\n\n### Reproduction\n\nReproduction: https://stackblitz.com/~/github.com/ismaoc/test2\nCode: https://github.com/ismaoc/test2\n\n### Describe the bug\n\nJust created a fresh Nuxt project with `npm create nuxt \u003Cproject_name>` and added nuxti18n with `npx nuxi@latest module add i18n`. Added a basic locale config (same as the docs) and get a \"not found error\" or \"Failed to parse JSON file.\" for the locales files.\n\nThe config\n\n```\ni18n: {\n lazy: false,\n locales: [\n { code: 'en', file: 'en' },\n { code: 'fr', file: 'fr' },\n ],\n }\n```\n\nthrows the error:\n\n\n```\n[9:12:36 PM] ERROR Pre-transform error: Failed to load url /i18n/locales/en (resolved id: /Users/user/pruebas/test2/i18n/locales/en) in /Users/user/pruebas/test2/.nuxt/i18n.options.mjs. Does the file exist?\n\n\n[9:12:36 PM] ERROR Pre-transform error: Failed to load url /i18n/locales/fr (resolved id: /Users/user/pruebas/test2/i18n/locales/fr) in /Users/user/pruebas/test2/.nuxt/i18n.options.mjs. Does the file exist?\n```\n\nIf I add the .json extension like this:\n\ni18n: {\n defaultLocale: 'en',\n locales: [\n { code: 'en', name: 'English', file: 'en.json' },\n { code: 'fr', name: 'Français', file: 'fr.json' }\n ]\n }\n\nthrows:\n\n```\n ERROR Pre-transform error: Failed to parse JSON file. 9:19:58 PM\n Plugin: vite:json\n File: /Users/user/pruebas/test2/i18n/locales/fr.json\n\n\n ERROR Pre-transform error: Failed to parse JSON file. 9:19:58 PM\n Plugin: vite:json\n File: /Users/user/pruebas/test2/i18n/locales/en.json\n```\n\nThanks.\n\n### Additional context\n\n_No response_\n\n### Logs\n\n```shell\n\n```",[3263],{"name":3264,"color":3265},"upstream issue","fbca04",3560,"Bug: i18n Configuration Not Loading Locale Files","2025-05-16T11:33:25Z","https://github.com/nuxt-modules/i18n/issues/3560",0.6565832,["Reactive",3272],{},["Set"],["ShallowReactive",3275],{"$fTRc1wZytZ_XrK4EfJfei_Sz-An4H4Yy6syhVxH_PVJc":-1,"$fEv13G_Pr-5H7UyIDVLftdCaaRUI-_f7z9qfUBagKPu4":-1},"/nuxt-modules/i18n/3812"]